Volume : 7, Issue : 2, February - 2018

STUDIES ON PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY IN Cardiospermum helicacabum L.

Elakkiya, M, Tamilselvi, K

Abstract :

<p>&nbsp;</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:&#10;inter-ideograph;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">In the present study was carried out on phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&#10;mso-fareast-font-family:Calii;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;color:black;&#10;letter-spacing:-.5pt">Cardiospermum helicacabum</span></i><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&#10;mso-fareast-font-family:Calii;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;color:black;&#10;letter-spacing:-.5pt"> L. leaves and stems </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&#10;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">extract </span><span class="spelle"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">against some clinical pathogens.</span></span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;&#10;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> Phytochemical compounds were carried out on the different extract the powdered specimens using standard procedures. </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;&#10;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:&#10;Calii;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin">Soxhlet apparatus were used for the extracting antimicrobial active compounds from the plant leaves and stem powered.</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;&#10;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&#10;mso-fareast-font-family:Calii;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin">In this investigation</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;&#10;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> tannin, </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&#10;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">flavonoids </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">and terpenoids showed positive results in </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:&#10;normal"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&#10;&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:Calii;mso-fareast-theme-font:&#10;minor-latin;color:black;letter-spacing:-.5pt">Cardiospermum helicacabum</span></i><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&#10;mso-fareast-font-family:Calii;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;color:black;&#10;letter-spacing:-.5pt"> L. leaves and stem</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&#10;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"> </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;&#10;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">aqueous extract and ethanol extract </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:&#10;150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">showed positive results in </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:&#10;150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">terpenoids</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&#10;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">, </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">saponins, steroids, and carbohydrates. <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">Antimicrobial susceptibility test was determined by </span>Bauer <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:&#10;normal">et al.,</i> 1966 method. </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;&#10;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:&#10;Calii;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin">Antimicrobial activity against were analyzed against </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Bacillus subtilis</span></i><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;&#10;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:&#10;normal">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Aspergillus niger</i> and <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Aspergillus flavus.</i> Ethanol and methanol extract</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;&#10;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:&#10;Calii;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin"> was most effective followed by other </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;&#10;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">aqueous extract. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:&#10;normal">Staphylococcus aureus </i>was</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:&#10;12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:&#10;Calii;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin"> more sensitive for </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">ethanol and methanol extract</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:&#10;150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:Calii;&#10;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin"> of leaves and stem of the tested plants. In this investigation </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;&#10;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">aqueous, acetone and methanol</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;&#10;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:Calii;&#10;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin"> extracts</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&#10;&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:Calii;mso-fareast-theme-font:&#10;minor-latin">from the leaves and stem of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="color:black;letter-spacing:-.5pt">Cardiospermum helicacabum</span></i><span style="color:black;letter-spacing:-.5pt"> L.</span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:&#10;normal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span></i></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;&#10;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:Calii;&#10;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin">exhibit antifungal activity against </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;&#10;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Aspergillus niger</span></i><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> and <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Aspergillus flavus</i>. </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&#10;mso-fareast-font-family:Calii;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin">The crude extract as well as the isolated compounds found to be active in this study could be useful for the development of new antimicrobial drugs.</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>